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I am debugging a problem in which the user is seeing ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE and, sometimes, ERR_CONNECTION_CLOSED on Google Chrome.I am surprised but apparently Google does not have a comprehensive list of possible network errors with explanations and possible causes.From what I understand, please correct me if I am wrong, ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE means that the connection could be stablished, however, the server did not send any data. When I say it did not send any data, I mean, it did not even send response headers. This is different from a correct response with Content-Length: 0This is an example of a CURL request with empty response:chad-integration:~ # curl -v 111.222.159.30* About to connect() to 111.222.159.30 port 80 (#0)* Trying 111.222.159.30... connected* Connected to 111.222.159.30 (111.222.159.30) port 80 (#0)> GET / HTTP/1.1> User-Agent: curl/7.19.0 (x86_64-suse-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.0 OpenSSL/0.9.8h zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.10> Host: 111.222.159.30> Accept: */*> * Empty reply from server* Connection #0 to host 111.222.159.30 left intactcurl: (52) Empty reply from server* Closing connection #0However, what is the difference from an empty response and a connection closed? Does this mean that, for ERR_CONNECTION_CLOSED the backend sent some data but then closed the connection?

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I did thisUploading files to an ftp server fails with version 7.87.0 and above:curl -vvv --ftp-pasv --user --upload-file /usr/bin/tar ftps:///The error is intermittent - around 80% of the time.When it fails, there is no immediate curl error, but no byte arrives on the target ftp server after a successful passive handshake (over TLSv1.2 - handshake verified using a tcpdump and wireshark dissection with TLS decryption, and payload seems to be sent over the wire), the upload seems to starts but stalls, until it finally times out (server connection reset).It works perfectly with curl 7.86.0, and fails with curl 7.87.0 and above.The openssl version seems irrelevant here, tested with openssl 1.1.1t and 3.0.11, only the curl version seems to be the turning point.It looks like something changed in version 7.87.0 that makes a couple of ftp servers to choke...It might be somehow related to #12253 which deals with an ftp-related action that started to fail with this exact same version.Comparing the two failure and success outputs below makes me thing that the server is sensitive to the order in which commands arrive to properly handle the data over the secondary passive connection (race condition between those two streams).Feel free to ask for more data, including building with specific flags to troubleshoot (I can't provide the pcap file, though).Failure output: (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) port 990 (#0)} [5 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):} [512 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):{ [89 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.2 (IN),

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`json:"task_id"` Image string `json:"image"` ReturnType uint `json:"return_type"` Type string `json:"type"` Progress uint `json:"progress"` //不确定有没有,需要查询看看 State int `json:"state"` TimeElapsed float64 `json:"time_elapsed"` } `json:"data"`}func main() { // JSON data is passed and received here, and code modification is required. jsonData := `{ "status": 200, "message": "Success", "data": { "task_id": "123456", "image": "image_data", } }` // Parse JSON data into VisualScaleResponse struct var response VisualScaleResponse err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(jsonData), &response) if err != nil { fmt.Println("Error parsing JSON:", err) return } // Query the relevant content in the database based on the taskID and associate it with the image below. fmt.Println("Image:", response.Data.TaskId) // Print the 'image' field fmt.Println("Image:", response.Data.Image)} #Create a taskcurl -k ' \-H 'X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY' \-F 'sync=0' \-F 'image_file=@/path/to/image.jpg'#Get the cutout result#Polling requests using the following methods 1. The polling interval is set to 1 second, 2. The polling time does not exceed 30 secondscurl -k ' \-H 'X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY' \php//Create a task$curl = curl_init();curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, ' CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array( "X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY", "Content-Type: multipart/form-data",));curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, true);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array('sync' => 0, 'image_file' => new CURLFILE("/path/to/image.jpg")));$response = curl_exec($curl);$result = curl_errno($curl) ? curl_error($curl) : $response;curl_close($curl);$result = json_decode($result, true);if ( !isset($result["status"]) || $result["status"] != 200 ) { // request failed, log the details var_dump($result); die("post request failed");}// var_dump($result);$task_id = $result["data"]["task_id"];//get the task result// 1、"The polling interval is set to 1 second."//2 "The polling time is around 30 seconds."for ($i = 1; $i 30; $i++) { if ($i != 1) { sleep(1); } $curl = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, " curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array( "X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY", )); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false); $response = curl_exec($curl); $result = curl_errno($curl) ? curl_error($curl) : $response; curl_close($curl); var_dump($result); $result = json_decode($result, true); if ( !isset($result["status"]) || $result["status"] != 200 ) { // Task exception, logging the error. //You can choose to continue the loop with 'continue' or break the loop with 'break' var_dump($result); continue; } if ( $result["data"]["state"] == 1 ) { // task success var_dump($result["data"]["image"]); break; } else if ( $result["data"]["state"] 0) { // request failed, log the details var_dump($result); break; } else { // Task processing if ($i == 30) { //Task processing, abnormal situation, seeking assistance from customer service of picwish } }}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String taskId = createTask(); String result = pollingTaskResult(taskId, 0); System.out.println(result);}private static String createTask() throws Exception { OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().build(); RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder() .setType(MultipartBody.FORM) .addFormDataPart("image_file", JPG_FILE_NAME, RequestBody.create({JPG_FILE}, MediaType.parse("image/jpeg"))) .addFormDataPart("sync", "0") .build(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(" .addHeader("X-API-KEY", "YOUR_API_KEY") .post(requestBody) .build(); Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute(); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(response.body().string()); int status = jsonObject.optInt("status"); if (status != 200) { throw new Exception(jsonObject.optString("message")); } return jsonObject.getJSONObject("data").optString("task_id");}private static String pollingTaskResult(String taskId, int pollingTime) throws Exception { if (pollingTime >= 30) throw new IllegalStateException("Polling result timeout."); OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().build(); Request taskRequest = new Request.Builder() .url(" + taskId) .addHeader("X-API-KEY", "YOUR_API_KEY") .get() .build(); Response taskResponse = okHttpClient.newCall(taskRequest).execute(); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(taskResponse.body().string()); int state = jsonObject.getJSONObject("data").optInt("state"); if (state 0) { // Error. throw new Exception(jsonObject.optString("message")); } if (state == 1) { // Success and get result.. connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80 failed: Connection refused Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80: Connection refused Closing connection 0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to

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Back-end for Open PIM ProjectOpen PIM - free and open source Product Information Management system.Quick start for a Demo setup.Clone the repoSwitch to docker folderRun the command docker-compose -f docker-compose.yaml up --remove-orphans -dconsole will be available by visiting with Username as admin Password as admin for an administrator view.There is no other user, you can create a user called demo with password as demo from the admin console.Quick start in Ubuntu 20 cloud serverThe following example cloud config file shows how you can deploy OpenPim on an Ubuntu 20.04 cloud server.Don't forget to replace the ssh key and database password /dev/null - apt-get update - apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin # configure postgres - echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /etc/postgresql/12/main/pg_hba.conf - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres --command="ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '123';" - systemctl restart postgresql.service # configure firewall - ufw allow 22 - ufw allow 80 - ufw enable # install openpim - curl -O - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -d postgres #cloud-configusers: - name: pim ssh-authorized-keys: - ssh-rsa AAA.... sudo: ['ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL'] groups: sudo shell: /bin/bashssh_pwauth: falsedisable_root: truepackages: - ca-certificates - curl - gnupg - lsb-release - postgresql - postgresql-contrib - ufwpackage_update: true# package_upgrade: true write_files: - content: | listen_addresses = '*' path: /etc/postgresql/12/main/conf.d/01pim.conf runcmd: # install docker - mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings - curl -fsSL | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg - echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null - apt-get update - apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin # configure postgres - echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /etc/postgresql/12/main/pg_hba.conf - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres --command="ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '123';" - systemctl restart postgresql.service # configure firewall - ufw allow 22 - ufw allow 80 - ufw enable # install openpim - curl -O - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -d postgres # run docker as network host mode - docker run -d --network=host -v /mnt:/filestorage --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_NAME=postgres --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_USER=postgres --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_PASSWORD=123 openpim/production:1.5hostname: localhostprefer_fqdn_over_hostname: false

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Nom que l'instance. Le disque est automatiquement associé à l'instance.Exécutez gcloud compute instances create --help pour afficher toutes les options disponibles. 4. Activer le pare-feu pour le port 80 Par défaut, Google Cloud Platform n'autorise que peu d'accès au port. Puisque nous allons bientôt installer Nginx, activons d'abord le port 80 dans la configuration du pare-feu.$ gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-80 --allow tcp:80Created [...].NAME: allow-80NETWORK: defaultDIRECTION: INGRESSPRIORITY: 1000ALLOW: tcp:80DENY:DISABLED: FalseCette opération entraîne la création d'une règle de pare-feu nommée allow-80 qui possède une liste par défaut de blocs d'adresses IP autorisés à établir des connexions entrantes (--source-ranges) définies sur 0.0.0.0/0 (Partout).Exécutez gcloud compute firewall-rules create --help pour afficher toutes les valeurs par défaut et toutes les options disponibles, y compris la possibilité d'appliquer des règles de pare-feu basées sur des balises. 5. Se connecter en SSH à l'instance Pour vous connecter en SSH à l'instance depuis la ligne de commande (toujours depuis Cloud Shell) :$ gcloud compute ssh myinstanceWaiting for SSH key to propagate.Warning: Permanently added 'compute.12345' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts....yourusername@myinstance:~#Et voilà ! assez facile. (En production, veillez à saisir une phrase secrète :)Vous pouvez également vous connecter en SSH à l'instance directement depuis la console ( console.cloud.google.com) en accédant à Compute Engine > Instances de VM, puis en cliquant sur SSH. 6. Installer Nginx Connectez-vous à myinstance (l'instance que vous venez de créer) et installez nginx:$ sudo su - # apt update# apt install -y nginx# service nginx start# exitVérifiez que le serveur s'exécute à l'aide de curl depuis myinstance:$ curl -s localhost | grep nginxWelcome to nginx!Welcome to nginx!If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed andnginx.org.nginx.com.Thank you for using nginx.Recherchez l'adresse IP externe de votre instance en répertoriant vos instances via l'interface utilisateur Web:Assurez-vous de quitter SSH et d'exécuter cette

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NoticeThe URL of the result image is valid for 1 hour. Please download the image file promptly.Supported ImagesFormatResolutionFile sizejpg, jpeg, bmp, png, webp, tiff, tif, bitmap, raw, rgb, jfif, lzwUp to 4096 x 4096Up to 15MBGet StartedSee differences between the 3 API call types #Create a task.curl -k ' \-H 'X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY' \-F 'sync=0' \-F 'image_url=YOU_IMG_URL'#Get the cutout result#Polling requests using the following methods 1. The polling interval is set to 1 second, 2. The polling time does not exceed 30 secondscurl -k ' \-H 'X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY' \php//Create a task$curl = curl_init();curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, ' CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array( "X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY", "Content-Type: multipart/form-data",));curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, true);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, array('sync' => 0, 'image_url' => "YOUR_IMG_URL"));$response = curl_exec($curl);$result = curl_errno($curl) ? curl_error($curl) : $response;curl_close($curl);$result = json_decode($result, true);if ( !isset($result["status"]) || $result["status"] != 200 ) { // request failed, log the details var_dump($result); die("post request failed");}// var_dump($result);$task_id = $result["data"]["task_id"];//get the task result// 1、"The polling interval is set to 1 second."//2 "The polling time is around 30 seconds."for ($i = 1; $i 30; $i++) { if ($i != 1) { sleep(1); } $curl = curl_init(); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, " curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, array( "X-API-KEY: YOUR_API_KEY", )); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false); $response = curl_exec($curl); $result = curl_errno($curl) ? curl_error($curl) : $response; curl_close($curl); var_dump($result); $result = json_decode($result, true); if ( !isset($result["status"]) || $result["status"] != 200 ) { // Task exception, logging the error. //You can choose to continue the loop with 'continue' or break the loop with 'break' var_dump($result); continue; } if ( $result["data"]["state"] == 1 ) { // task success var_dump($result["data"]["image"]); break; } else if ( $result["data"]["state"] 0) { // request failed, log the details var_dump($result); break; } else { // Task processing if ($i == 30) { //Task processing, abnormal situation, seeking assistance from customer service of picwish } }}public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String taskId = createTask(); String result = pollingTaskResult(taskId, 0); System.out.println(result);}private static String createTask() throws Exception { OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().build(); RequestBody requestBody = new MultipartBody.Builder() .setType(MultipartBody.FORM) .addFormDataPart("image_url", "IMAGE_HTTP_URL") .addFormDataPart("sync", "0") .build(); Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(" .addHeader("X-API-KEY", "YOUR_API_KEY") .post(requestBody) .build(); Response response = okHttpClient.newCall(request).execute(); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(response.body().string()); int status = jsonObject.optInt("status"); if (status != 200) { throw new Exception(jsonObject.optString("message")); } return jsonObject.getJSONObject("data").optString("task_id");}private static String pollingTaskResult(String taskId, int pollingTime) throws Exception { if (pollingTime >= 30) throw new IllegalStateException("Polling result timeout."); OkHttpClient okHttpClient = new OkHttpClient.Builder().build(); Request taskRequest = new Request.Builder() .url(" + taskId) .addHeader("X-API-KEY", "YOUR_API_KEY") .get() .build(); Response taskResponse = okHttpClient.newCall(taskRequest).execute(); JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(taskResponse.body().string()); int state = jsonObject.getJSONObject("data").optInt("state"); if (state 0) { // Error. throw new Exception(jsonObject.optString("message")); } if (state == 1) { // Success and get result. return jsonObject.getJSONObject("data").toString(); } Thread.sleep(1000); return pollingTaskResult(taskId, ++pollingTime);}const request = require("request");const fs = require("fs");const path = require('path')const API_KEY = "YOUR_API_KEY";(async function main() { const taskId = await createTask() const result = await polling(() => getTaskResult(taskId)) console.log(`result: ${JSON.stringify(result, null, 2)}`)})()const polling = async (fn, delay = 1 * 1000, timeout = 30 * 1000) => { if (!fn) { throw new Error('fn is required') } try

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I have a webserver on my MacBook in my home network behind a NAT, serving on port 80.I also have a publicly accessible server running Ubuntu, from which I want to access my local webserver, so I open a remote SSH tunnel:ssh -fnNT -R 8080:localhost:80 remote-hostIt works. On the remote machine, I can curl localhost:8080 and get the expected answer.But when I try this from inside a docker container, for example:docker run -it --add-host host.docker.internal:host-gateway ubuntu:latest /bin/bash# curl -vvv host.docker.internal:8080* connect to 172.17.0.1 port 8080 failed: Connection timed out"Solutions" I found elsewhere, like using the --network host docker option or having the tunnel listen on all interfaces (ssh -R 0.0.0.0:8080:localhost:80) are not an option due to security concerns.Accessing any other port on the host system from inside the container is not a problem, like curl host.docker.internal:80 results in a response from the hosts' Caddy server.I tried to set a firewall rule iptables -I INPUT -i docker0 -j ACCEPT (without really understanding what this does) but this changes nothing.I tried making sure packet forwarding for IPv6 is enabled (net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf) and also to have the tunnel only bind to the IPv4 address (using the -4 option), but no luck.I tried to use the IP of the docker0 interface as a bind_address for the tunnel (ssh -R 172.17.0.1:8080:localhost:80, having of course set GatewayPorts clientspecified in sshd_config). I can then curl 172.17.0.1:8080 from the host system successfully, but still not from inside the container.A possible complication is that I'm using ufw on the server, allowing in only traffic on ports 80, 443 and my SSH port. When I sudo ufw disable, the above curl requests terminates with Connection refused instead of timed out, which I found interesting.I feel like I'm close. Maybe there is an iptables filter that I can set to make this work? I don't have any experience with iptables. How would a request from inside a container to a tunneled port on the hostsystem be classified, is it going in, or out? Any other ideas to debug this problem?. connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80 failed: Connection refused Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80: Connection refused Closing connection 0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to

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(20):} [52 bytes data]SSL connection using TLSv1.3 / TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384ALPN: server accepted http/1.1Server certificate:subject: CN=ubuntustart date: Feb 10 15:24:51 2023 GMTexpire date: Feb 7 15:24:51 2033 GMTissuer: CN=ubuntuSSL certificate verify result: self-signed certificate (18), continuing anyway.using HTTP/1.1} [5 bytes data]GET / HTTP/1.1Host: 127.0.0.1User-Agent: curl/7.88.1-DEVAccept: /{ [5 bytes data]TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Newsession Ticket (4):{ [230 bytes data]TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Newsession Ticket (4):{ [230 bytes data]old SSL session ID is stale, removing{ [5 bytes data]{ [10701 bytes data]################################################################################################################################ 100.0%* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intactExcpeted is to not fall back to http1.1 and expected result should look something like this belowroot@ubuntu:~# curl -# -v -k --http3 -o index.html 127.0.0.1:443...Skipped certificate verificationConnected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 443 (#0)using HTTP/3h2h3 [:method: GET]h2h3 [:path: /]h2h3 [:scheme: https]h2h3 [:authority: 127.0.0.1]h2h3 [user-agent: curl/7.88.1-DEV]h2h3 [accept: /]Using HTTP/3 Stream ID: 0 (easy handle 0x556d310dff30)GET / HTTP/3Host: 127.0.0.1user-agent: curl/7.88.1-DEVaccept: /{ [3483 bytes data]################################################################################################################################ 100.0%* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intactroot@ubuntu:~# curl -Vcurl 7.88.1-DEV (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.88.1-DEV OpenSSL/3.0.0 zlib/1.2.11 brotli/1.0.9 ngtcp2/0.14.0-DEV nghttp3/0.9.0-DEVRelease-Date: [unreleased]Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher gophers http https imap imaps mqtt pop3 pop3s rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftpFeatures: alt-svc AsynchDNS brotli HSTS HTTP3 HTTPS-proxy IPv6 Largefile libz NTLM NTLM_WB SSL threadsafe TLS-SRP UnixSocketsPRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS"NAME="Ubuntu"VERSION_ID="22.04"VERSION="22.04.1 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"root@ubuntu:# nginx -Vnginx version: nginx/1.23.4 (nginx-quic)built by gcc 11.3.0 (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu122.04)built with OpenSSL 1.1.1 (compatible; BoringSSL) (running with BoringSSL)TLS SNI support enabledconfigure arguments: --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/scgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/uwsgi --with-compat --with-debug --with-pcre-jit --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_slice_module --with-threads --with-http_addition_module

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Enable the modules:sudo a2enmod proxysudo a2enmod proxy_httpsudo a2enmod proxy_connectThen, create a new VirtualHost file:cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/sudo cp 000-default.conf proxy.confOpen the proxy.conf file in your favorite editor and write the following code: ServerName localhost ServerAdmin admin@localhost SSLEngine off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined ProxyRequests On ProxyVia On Order deny,allow Allow from all Take note of these lines:ProxyRequests OnProxyVia On Order deny,allow Allow from allBy settingProxyRequeststo On, you tell Apache to act as a forward proxy server. TheProxyViadirective adds a Via header to audit the request path in a chain of proxies. The control blocks declare who can access the proxy. For this example, any host can access the proxy, but you can block certain hosts or even set up authentication. For more information, check out theofficial docs.Next, you need to enable the VirtualHost:sudo a2ensite proxy.confservice apache2 reloadAnd voila! Your proxy is ready. Now, let's test it out. Open a terminal and make a cURL request to httpbin.org/get with localhost:80 as the proxy server:curl -x localhost:80 # The -x parameter sets the proxy serverYou should get the following output:{ "args": {}, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "curl/8.1.1", "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-65094ba7-1676f27d7b6ba692057a7004" }, "origin": "103.44.174.106", "url": " you can see, this is a response fromhttpbin.org. The proxy server passed the request to the site and returned the response.Now, let's try a POST request with JSON data:curl -x localhost:80 -X POST -d '{"foo": "bar"}' -H 'Content-Type: application/json'You should get the following output:{ "args": {}, "data": "{"foo": "bar"}", "files": {}, "form": {}, "headers": { "Accept": "*/*", "Content-Length": "14", "Content-Type": "application/json", "Host": "httpbin.org", "User-Agent": "curl/8.1.1", "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-65094d4e-5e06b56f5cd750a1786b61ba" }, "json": { "foo": "bar" }, "origin": "103.44.174.106", "url": " to Use a Proxy Server for Web ScrapingNow that you've created a working proxy, let's use it for web scraping. The following examples are written in Node.js, but a similar. connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80 failed: Connection refused Failed to connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80: Connection refused Closing connection 0 curl: (7) Failed to connect to TCP_NODELAY set connect to 127.0.0.1 port 80 failed: Connection refused Failed to connect to localhost port 80: Connection refused Closing connection 0 curl: (7)

Portable XAMPP -0 / -0 / -0 / -0 / 7

Curl - Linux, Mac OS X, BSD Use of the API requires authentication with your API key. Your key is displayed in the right column in your dashboard. If you do not yet have an account, please register for a free account. The simple API makes it easy to requests and retrieve screenshots with curl. Browshot will send 302 redirections, so you need to use the -L option to follow them. To request a screenshot of the website with the default option, and save the image to /tmp/mobilito.png, use: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed100 188k 100 188k 0 0 5692 0 0:00:33 0:00:33 --:--:-- 118k$ file /tmp/mobilito.png/tmp/mobilito.png: PNG image data, 1024 x 768, 8-bit/color RGB, non-interlaced You can use any of the options listed on the API page to get thumbnails of different sizes, to use different browsers, etc. Here are some common use cases: Full page By default, the screenshot of the screen is taken. To take a screenshot of the full page, add size=page: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png Thumbnail To have a thumbnail with a width of 640 pixels, same as ratio as the original browser, add the parameter width=640 to the URL: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png You can also choose to specify both the width and height for the thumbnail: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png Choose a virtual browser Browshot offers a large choice of Mobile browsers (iPhone, iPad, Android, etc.) and Desktop resolutions (60x480 to 1920x1200). You can pick the browser to use for the screenshots from you dashboard or you can get the list in a programmatic manner from the API. For example, to create a screenshot of from a virtual iPhone4 held vertically, pick the instance #22: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png Another way to pick up a virtual browser is to specify the screen resolution, for example screen=1024x768: $ curl -L " -o /tmp/mobilito.png All the options can be combined. You can get the full list on the API page.

Comments

User7906

I am debugging a problem in which the user is seeing ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE and, sometimes, ERR_CONNECTION_CLOSED on Google Chrome.I am surprised but apparently Google does not have a comprehensive list of possible network errors with explanations and possible causes.From what I understand, please correct me if I am wrong, ERR_EMPTY_RESPONSE means that the connection could be stablished, however, the server did not send any data. When I say it did not send any data, I mean, it did not even send response headers. This is different from a correct response with Content-Length: 0This is an example of a CURL request with empty response:chad-integration:~ # curl -v 111.222.159.30* About to connect() to 111.222.159.30 port 80 (#0)* Trying 111.222.159.30... connected* Connected to 111.222.159.30 (111.222.159.30) port 80 (#0)> GET / HTTP/1.1> User-Agent: curl/7.19.0 (x86_64-suse-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.19.0 OpenSSL/0.9.8h zlib/1.2.3 libidn/1.10> Host: 111.222.159.30> Accept: */*> * Empty reply from server* Connection #0 to host 111.222.159.30 left intactcurl: (52) Empty reply from server* Closing connection #0However, what is the difference from an empty response and a connection closed? Does this mean that, for ERR_CONNECTION_CLOSED the backend sent some data but then closed the connection?

2025-04-17
User6254

I did thisUploading files to an ftp server fails with version 7.87.0 and above:curl -vvv --ftp-pasv --user --upload-file /usr/bin/tar ftps:///The error is intermittent - around 80% of the time.When it fails, there is no immediate curl error, but no byte arrives on the target ftp server after a successful passive handshake (over TLSv1.2 - handshake verified using a tcpdump and wireshark dissection with TLS decryption, and payload seems to be sent over the wire), the upload seems to starts but stalls, until it finally times out (server connection reset).It works perfectly with curl 7.86.0, and fails with curl 7.87.0 and above.The openssl version seems irrelevant here, tested with openssl 1.1.1t and 3.0.11, only the curl version seems to be the turning point.It looks like something changed in version 7.87.0 that makes a couple of ftp servers to choke...It might be somehow related to #12253 which deals with an ftp-related action that started to fail with this exact same version.Comparing the two failure and success outputs below makes me thing that the server is sensitive to the order in which commands arrive to properly handle the data over the secondary passive connection (race condition between those two streams).Feel free to ask for more data, including building with specific flags to troubleshoot (I can't provide the pcap file, though).Failure output: (xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx) port 990 (#0)} [5 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.3 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):} [512 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):{ [89 bytes data]* [CONN-0-0][CF-SSL] TLSv1.2 (IN),

2025-04-14
User9404

Back-end for Open PIM ProjectOpen PIM - free and open source Product Information Management system.Quick start for a Demo setup.Clone the repoSwitch to docker folderRun the command docker-compose -f docker-compose.yaml up --remove-orphans -dconsole will be available by visiting with Username as admin Password as admin for an administrator view.There is no other user, you can create a user called demo with password as demo from the admin console.Quick start in Ubuntu 20 cloud serverThe following example cloud config file shows how you can deploy OpenPim on an Ubuntu 20.04 cloud server.Don't forget to replace the ssh key and database password /dev/null - apt-get update - apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin # configure postgres - echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /etc/postgresql/12/main/pg_hba.conf - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres --command="ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '123';" - systemctl restart postgresql.service # configure firewall - ufw allow 22 - ufw allow 80 - ufw enable # install openpim - curl -O - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -d postgres #cloud-configusers: - name: pim ssh-authorized-keys: - ssh-rsa AAA.... sudo: ['ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL'] groups: sudo shell: /bin/bashssh_pwauth: falsedisable_root: truepackages: - ca-certificates - curl - gnupg - lsb-release - postgresql - postgresql-contrib - ufwpackage_update: true# package_upgrade: true write_files: - content: | listen_addresses = '*' path: /etc/postgresql/12/main/conf.d/01pim.conf runcmd: # install docker - mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings - curl -fsSL | gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg - echo "deb [arch=$(dpkg --print-architecture) signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/docker.gpg] $(lsb_release -cs) stable" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/docker.list > /dev/null - apt-get update - apt-get install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io docker-compose-plugin # configure postgres - echo "host all all 0.0.0.0/0 md5" >> /etc/postgresql/12/main/pg_hba.conf - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres --command="ALTER USER postgres WITH PASSWORD '123';" - systemctl restart postgresql.service # configure firewall - ufw allow 22 - ufw allow 80 - ufw enable # install openpim - curl -O - sudo -u postgres psql -U postgres -d postgres # run docker as network host mode - docker run -d --network=host -v /mnt:/filestorage --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_ADDRESS=127.0.0.1 --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_NAME=postgres --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_USER=postgres --env OPENPIM_DATABASE_PASSWORD=123 openpim/production:1.5hostname: localhostprefer_fqdn_over_hostname: false

2025-04-17
User8025

Nom que l'instance. Le disque est automatiquement associé à l'instance.Exécutez gcloud compute instances create --help pour afficher toutes les options disponibles. 4. Activer le pare-feu pour le port 80 Par défaut, Google Cloud Platform n'autorise que peu d'accès au port. Puisque nous allons bientôt installer Nginx, activons d'abord le port 80 dans la configuration du pare-feu.$ gcloud compute firewall-rules create allow-80 --allow tcp:80Created [...].NAME: allow-80NETWORK: defaultDIRECTION: INGRESSPRIORITY: 1000ALLOW: tcp:80DENY:DISABLED: FalseCette opération entraîne la création d'une règle de pare-feu nommée allow-80 qui possède une liste par défaut de blocs d'adresses IP autorisés à établir des connexions entrantes (--source-ranges) définies sur 0.0.0.0/0 (Partout).Exécutez gcloud compute firewall-rules create --help pour afficher toutes les valeurs par défaut et toutes les options disponibles, y compris la possibilité d'appliquer des règles de pare-feu basées sur des balises. 5. Se connecter en SSH à l'instance Pour vous connecter en SSH à l'instance depuis la ligne de commande (toujours depuis Cloud Shell) :$ gcloud compute ssh myinstanceWaiting for SSH key to propagate.Warning: Permanently added 'compute.12345' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts....yourusername@myinstance:~#Et voilà ! assez facile. (En production, veillez à saisir une phrase secrète :)Vous pouvez également vous connecter en SSH à l'instance directement depuis la console ( console.cloud.google.com) en accédant à Compute Engine > Instances de VM, puis en cliquant sur SSH. 6. Installer Nginx Connectez-vous à myinstance (l'instance que vous venez de créer) et installez nginx:$ sudo su - # apt update# apt install -y nginx# service nginx start# exitVérifiez que le serveur s'exécute à l'aide de curl depuis myinstance:$ curl -s localhost | grep nginxWelcome to nginx!Welcome to nginx!If you see this page, the nginx web server is successfully installed andnginx.org.nginx.com.Thank you for using nginx.Recherchez l'adresse IP externe de votre instance en répertoriant vos instances via l'interface utilisateur Web:Assurez-vous de quitter SSH et d'exécuter cette

2025-04-10
User3123

I have a webserver on my MacBook in my home network behind a NAT, serving on port 80.I also have a publicly accessible server running Ubuntu, from which I want to access my local webserver, so I open a remote SSH tunnel:ssh -fnNT -R 8080:localhost:80 remote-hostIt works. On the remote machine, I can curl localhost:8080 and get the expected answer.But when I try this from inside a docker container, for example:docker run -it --add-host host.docker.internal:host-gateway ubuntu:latest /bin/bash# curl -vvv host.docker.internal:8080* connect to 172.17.0.1 port 8080 failed: Connection timed out"Solutions" I found elsewhere, like using the --network host docker option or having the tunnel listen on all interfaces (ssh -R 0.0.0.0:8080:localhost:80) are not an option due to security concerns.Accessing any other port on the host system from inside the container is not a problem, like curl host.docker.internal:80 results in a response from the hosts' Caddy server.I tried to set a firewall rule iptables -I INPUT -i docker0 -j ACCEPT (without really understanding what this does) but this changes nothing.I tried making sure packet forwarding for IPv6 is enabled (net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=1 in /etc/sysctl.conf) and also to have the tunnel only bind to the IPv4 address (using the -4 option), but no luck.I tried to use the IP of the docker0 interface as a bind_address for the tunnel (ssh -R 172.17.0.1:8080:localhost:80, having of course set GatewayPorts clientspecified in sshd_config). I can then curl 172.17.0.1:8080 from the host system successfully, but still not from inside the container.A possible complication is that I'm using ufw on the server, allowing in only traffic on ports 80, 443 and my SSH port. When I sudo ufw disable, the above curl requests terminates with Connection refused instead of timed out, which I found interesting.I feel like I'm close. Maybe there is an iptables filter that I can set to make this work? I don't have any experience with iptables. How would a request from inside a container to a tunneled port on the hostsystem be classified, is it going in, or out? Any other ideas to debug this problem?

2025-04-23
User6246

(20):} [52 bytes data]SSL connection using TLSv1.3 / TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384ALPN: server accepted http/1.1Server certificate:subject: CN=ubuntustart date: Feb 10 15:24:51 2023 GMTexpire date: Feb 7 15:24:51 2033 GMTissuer: CN=ubuntuSSL certificate verify result: self-signed certificate (18), continuing anyway.using HTTP/1.1} [5 bytes data]GET / HTTP/1.1Host: 127.0.0.1User-Agent: curl/7.88.1-DEVAccept: /{ [5 bytes data]TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Newsession Ticket (4):{ [230 bytes data]TLSv1.3 (IN), TLS handshake, Newsession Ticket (4):{ [230 bytes data]old SSL session ID is stale, removing{ [5 bytes data]{ [10701 bytes data]################################################################################################################################ 100.0%* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intactExcpeted is to not fall back to http1.1 and expected result should look something like this belowroot@ubuntu:~# curl -# -v -k --http3 -o index.html 127.0.0.1:443...Skipped certificate verificationConnected to 127.0.0.1 (127.0.0.1) port 443 (#0)using HTTP/3h2h3 [:method: GET]h2h3 [:path: /]h2h3 [:scheme: https]h2h3 [:authority: 127.0.0.1]h2h3 [user-agent: curl/7.88.1-DEV]h2h3 [accept: /]Using HTTP/3 Stream ID: 0 (easy handle 0x556d310dff30)GET / HTTP/3Host: 127.0.0.1user-agent: curl/7.88.1-DEVaccept: /{ [3483 bytes data]################################################################################################################################ 100.0%* Connection #0 to host 127.0.0.1 left intactroot@ubuntu:~# curl -Vcurl 7.88.1-DEV (x86_64-pc-linux-gnu) libcurl/7.88.1-DEV OpenSSL/3.0.0 zlib/1.2.11 brotli/1.0.9 ngtcp2/0.14.0-DEV nghttp3/0.9.0-DEVRelease-Date: [unreleased]Protocols: dict file ftp ftps gopher gophers http https imap imaps mqtt pop3 pop3s rtsp smb smbs smtp smtps telnet tftpFeatures: alt-svc AsynchDNS brotli HSTS HTTP3 HTTPS-proxy IPv6 Largefile libz NTLM NTLM_WB SSL threadsafe TLS-SRP UnixSocketsPRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS"NAME="Ubuntu"VERSION_ID="22.04"VERSION="22.04.1 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"root@ubuntu:# nginx -Vnginx version: nginx/1.23.4 (nginx-quic)built by gcc 11.3.0 (Ubuntu 11.3.0-1ubuntu122.04)built with OpenSSL 1.1.1 (compatible; BoringSSL) (running with BoringSSL)TLS SNI support enabledconfigure arguments: --prefix=/usr/share/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --pid-path=/run/nginx.pid --modules-path=/usr/lib/nginx/modules --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/body --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/fastcgi --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/proxy --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/scgi --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/lib/nginx/uwsgi --with-compat --with-debug --with-pcre-jit --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_auth_request_module --with-http_v2_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_slice_module --with-threads --with-http_addition_module

2025-04-24

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