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The same name as the component and a .tiz file name extension. Components marked Default have a download archive if and only if they are part of the overall Loader + Download packaging. Plain file tree represents the plain file distribution tree that is created during the build to contain all files that are distributed in plain (uncompressed) form. It only exists if there are plain files to distribute. Disknnnn.tiz represents the disk-spanning main installer archives that contains the installation files in compressed format. This file only exists for the Loader + Archive packaging option; the nnnn portion indicates the intended disk number for that part of the archive. _TinMain.tiz represents the main installer archive that contains the installation files in compressed format for the Loader + Download packaging option. It is meant to be hosted on your Internet server, from where it will be downloaded during installation. If a file is not controlled by a component, then it behaves as per the component Default packaging option. Note that download archives are not subject to disk spanning; they are always in one part, regardless of their size. Storage location of an installation file as function of its packaging options High-level packaging options File storage location per file packaging option Installer package option Component option Default Compressed Plain file Compressed .exe Default or Local Installer.exe Plain file tree Download Component.tiz [download] Plain file tree Default or Local Plain file tree Installer.exe Download Component.tiz [download] Loader + Archive Default or Local Disknnnn.tiz Download Component.tiz [download] Loader + Download Default Component.tiz or _TinMain.tiz [download] Local Installer.exe Download Component.tiz [download] Disk spanning The term disk spanning refers to a large installation package that is broken into smaller, disk-size parts. In InstallMate 9, disk spanning is available if you choose the Loader + Archive packaging option. In that case, the installation package will be broken up into the following parts: Installer.exe (the main installation package; the name varies as per the Installer name option of the package); Disk0001.tiz (the first portion of the installation archive, intended for inclusion on the first disk); Disk0002.tiz (second portion,

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Feature (bridge groups), which forwards non-IP protocols such as DECnet between two or more VLAN bridge domains or routed ports. The VLAN-bridge spanning tree allows the bridge groups to form a spanning tree on top of the individual VLAN spanning trees to prevent loops from forming if there are multiple connections among VLANs. It also prevents the individual spanning trees from the VLANs being bridged from collapsing into a single spanning tree. To support VLAN-bridge spanning tree, some of the spanning-tree timers are increased. Default Spanning-Tree Settings Table 20-3 Default Spanning-Tree Settings Feature Default Setting Enable state Enabled on VLAN 1. Spanning-tree mode PVST+. (Rapid PVST+ and MSTP are disabled.) Switch priority 32768. Spanning-tree port priority (configurable on a per-interface basis) 128. Spanning-tree port cost (configurable on a per-interface basis) 1000 Mb/s: 4. 100 Mb/s: 19. 10 Mb/s: 100. Spanning-tree VLAN port priority (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) 128. Spanning-tree VLAN port cost (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) 1000 Mb/s: 4. 100 Mb/s: 19. 10 Mb/s: 100. Spanning-tree timers Hello time: 2 seconds. Forward-delay time: 15 seconds. Maximum-aging time: 20 seconds. Transmit hold count: 6 BPDUs Disabling Spanning Tree Spanning tree is enabled by default on VLAN 1 and on all newly created VLANs up to the spanning-tree limit specified in the “Supported Spanning-Tree Instances” section. Disable spanning tree only if you are sure there are no loops in the network topology. Caution When spanning tree is disabled and loops are present in the topology, excessive traffic and indefinite packet duplication can drastically reduce network performance. Root Switch The switch maintains a separate spanning-tree instance for each active VLAN configured on it. A bridge ID, consisting of the switch priority and the switch MAC address, is associated with each instance. For each VLAN, the switch with the lowest bridge ID becomes the root switch for that VLAN. To configure a switch to become the root for the specified VLAN, use the spanning-tree vlan vlan-id root global configuration command to modify the switch priority from the default value (32768) to a significantly lower value. When you enter this command, the software

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Hi all,I'm wrestling with an STP issue on some Cisco switches and I'm hoping for some advice. I have two cascaded switches, and I've configured STP (actually, MST, since that seems to work with the Sonos devices). When I only have players wired to the core switch, things work as expected. However, when I connect a player to the cascaded switch, that player completely loses its connection to the network. I cannot ping it.In both cases, STP looks fine. I can also see the MAC address of the player on the correct port on the cascaded switch. Does anyone have any ideas?Detailed config:-------------------------- Main switch --- ! Relevant parts of config:spanning-tree mode mstspanning-tree etherchannel guard misconfigspanning-tree extend system-id!spanning-tree mst configuration name michael-sf!spanning-tree mst 0 priority 4096spanning-tree mst 1-4094 priority 24576spanning-tree vlan 1-4094 priority 4096! ports for playersinterface GigabitEthernet0/11 description ATTN--Port configured for Sonos!!! See spanning-tree settings switchport access vlan 5 spanning-tree bpdufilter disable spanning-tree bpduguard disable spanning-tree guard none spanning-tree cost 10!interface GigabitEthernet0/12 description ATTN--Port configured for Sonos!!! See spanning-tree settings switchport access vlan 5 spanning-tree bpdufilter disable spanning-tree bpduguard disable spanning-tree guard none spanning-tree cost 10!! port for cascaded switchinterface GigabitEthernet0/21 switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q switchport trunk native vlan 15 switchport mode trunk spanning-tree bpdufilter disable spanning-tree bpduguard disable !core-switch#show spanning-tree vlan 5MST0 Spanning tree enabled protocol mstp Root ID Priority 4096 Address e05f.b916.3880 This bridge is the root Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 sec Bridge ID Priority 4096 (priority 4096 sys-id-ext 0) Address e05f.b916.3880 Hello Time 2 sec Max Age 20 sec Forward Delay 15 secInterface Role Sts Cost Prio.Nbr Type------------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------Gi0/1 Desg FWD 20000 128.1 P2p EdgeGi0/2 Desg FWD 20000 128.2 P2p EdgeGi0/3 Desg FWD 200000 128.3 P2p EdgeGi0/4 Desg FWD 20000 128.4 P2p EdgeGi0/5 Desg FWD 20000 128.5 P2p EdgeGi0/8 Desg FWD 20000 128.8 P2p EdgeGi0/10 Desg FWD 20000 128.10 P2p EdgeGi0/11 Desg FWD 10 128.11 P2p Bound(STP)Gi0/12 Desg FWD 10 128.12 P2p Bound(STP)Gi0/13 Desg FWD 200000 128.13 P2p EdgeGi0/15 Desg FWD 200000 128.15 P2p EdgeGi0/16 Desg FWD 20000 128.16 P2p EdgeGi0/17 Desg FWD 20000 128.17 P2p EdgeGi0/21 Desg FWD 20000 128.21 P2pGi0/23 Desg FWD 20000 128.23 P2pGi0/24 Desg FWD 20000 128.24 P2pGi0/26 Desg FWD 20000 128.26 P2p--------------------------------- Cascaded switch --- ! relevant parts of config!spanning-tree mode mstspanning-tree extend system-id!spanning-tree mst configuration name michael-sf!spanning-tree mst 0 priority 8192! Port for Sonos playerinterface GigabitEthernet0/8 description ATTN--Port configured. Download apps by C-SPAN, including C-SPAN Now and C-SPAN RADIO.

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Processing occurs. Spanning-tree reconvergence might occur as a result of losing a device in the active topology. If a new device external to the switch stack is added to the network, normal spanning-tree processing occurs. Spanning-tree reconvergence might occur as a result of adding a device in the network. Default Spanning-Tree Configuration Table 3. Default Spanning-Tree Configuration Feature Default Setting Enable state Enabled on VLAN 1. Spanning-tree mode Rapid PVST+ ( PVST+ and MSTP are disabled.) Device priority 32768 Spanning-tree port priority (configurable on a per-interface basis) 128 Spanning-tree port cost (configurable on a per-interface basis) 10 Mbps: 2000000 100 Mbps: 200000 1 Gbps: 20000 10 Gbps: 2000 40 Gbps: 500 100 Gbps: 200 1 Tbps: 20 10 Tbps: 2 Spanning-tree VLAN port priority (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) 128 Spanning-tree VLAN port cost (configurable on a per-VLAN basis) 10 Mbps: 2000000 100 Mbps: 200000 1 Gbps: 20000 10 Gbps: 2000 40 Gbps: 500 100 Gbps: 200 1 Tbps: 20 10 Tbps: 2 Spanning-tree timers Hello time: 2 seconds Forward-delay time: 15 seconds Maximum-aging time: 20 seconds Transmit hold count: 6 BPDUs How to Configure Spanning Tree Protocol The following sections provide information about configuring spanning tree protocol: Changing the Spanning-Tree Mode The switch supports three spanning-tree modes: per-VLAN spanning tree plus (PVST+), Rapid PVST+, or Multiple Spanning Tree Protocol (MSTP). By default, the device runs the Rapid PVST+ protocol. If you want to enable a mode that is different from the default mode, this procedure is required. Procedure Command or Action Purpose Step 1 enable Example: Device> enable Enables privileged EXEC mode. Enter your password if prompted. Step 2 configure terminal Example: Device# configure terminal Enters global configuration mode. Step 3 spanning-tree mode {pvst | mst | rapid-pvst} Example: Device(config)# spanning-tree mode pvst Configures a spanning-tree mode. All stack members run the same version of spanning tree. Select pvst to enable PVST+. Select mst to enable MSTP. Select rapid-pvst to enable rapid PVST+. Step 4 interface interface-id Example: Device(config)# interface GigabitEthernet1/0/1 Specifies an interface to configure, and enters interface configuration mode. Valid interfaces include physical ports, VLANs, and port channels. The VLAN ID range is 1 to 4094. The port-channel range is 1 to 48. Step 5 spanning-tree link-type point-to-point Example: Device(config-if)# spanning-tree link-type point-to-point Specifies that the link type for this port is point-to-point. If you connect this port (local port) to a remote port through a point-to-point link and the local port becomes a designated port, the device negotiates with the remote port and rapidly changes the local port to the forwarding state. Step 6 end Example: Device(config-if)# end Returns to privileged EXEC mode. Step 7 clear spanning-tree detected-protocols Example: Device# clear spanning-tree detected-protocols If any port on the device is connected to a port on a legacy IEEE 802.1D device, this command restarts the protocol migration process on the entire device. This step is optional if the designated device detects that this device is running rapid PVST+. (Optional) Disabling Spanning Tree Spanning tree is enabled by

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Remaining VLANs operate with spanning tree disabled. However, you can map multiple VLANs to the same spanning-tree instances by using MSTP. For more information, see Chapter21, “Configuring MSTP” If 128 instances of spanning tree are already in use, you can disable spanning tree on one of the VLANs and then enable it on the VLAN where you want it to run. Use the no spanning-tree vlan vlan-id global configuration command to disable spanning tree on a specific VLAN, and use the spanning-tree vlan vlan-id global configuration command to enable spanning tree on the desired VLAN. Caution Switches that are not running spanning tree still forward BPDUs that they receive so that the other switches on the VLAN that have a running spanning-tree instance can break loops. Therefore, spanning tree must be running on enough switches to break all the loops in the network; for example, at least one switch on each loop in the VLAN must be running spanning tree. It is not absolutely necessary to run spanning tree on all switches in the VLAN. However, if you are running spanning tree only on a minimal set of switches, an incautious change to the network that introduces another loop into the VLAN can result in a broadcast storm. Note If you have already used all available spanning-tree instances on your switch, adding another VLAN anywhere in the VTP domain creates a VLAN that is not running spanning tree on that switch. If you have the default allowed list on the trunk ports of that switch, the new VLAN is carried on all trunk ports. Depending on the topology of the network, this could create a loop in the new VLAN that will not be broken, particularly if there are several adjacent switches that have all run out of spanning-tree instances. You can prevent this possibility by setting up allowed lists on the trunk ports of switches that have used up their allocation of spanning-tree instances. Setting up allowed lists is not necessary in many cases and can make it more labor-intensive to add another VLAN to the network. Spanning-tree commands

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Types of spanning trees: An internal spanning tree (IST), which is the spanning tree that runs in an MST region. Within each MST region, the MSTP maintains multiple spanning-tree instances. Instance 0 is a special instance for a region, known as the internal spanning tree (IST). All other MST instances are numbered from 1 to 4094. The IST is the only spanning-tree instance that sends and receives BPDUs. All of the other spanning-tree instance information is contained in M-records, which are encapsulated within MSTP BPDUs. Because the MSTP BPDU carries information for all instances, the number of BPDUs that need to be processed to support multiple spanning-tree instances is significantly reduced. All MST instances within the same region share the same protocol timers, but each MST instance has its own topology parameters, such as root switch ID, root path cost, and so forth. By default, all VLANs are assigned to the IST. An MST instance is local to the region; for example, MST instance 1 in region A is independent of MST instance 1 in region B, even if regions A and B are interconnected. A common and internal spanning tree (CIST), which is a collection of the ISTs in each MST region, and the common spanning tree (CST) that interconnects the MST regions and single spanning trees. The spanning tree that is computed in a region appears as a subtree in the CST that encompasses the entire switched domain. The CIST is formed by the spanning-tree algorithm running among. Download apps by C-SPAN, including C-SPAN Now and C-SPAN RADIO.